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positivity effect
In psychology and cognitive science, the positivity effect is a term given to three different phenomena. It is the ability to constructively analyze a situation where the desired results are not achieved; but still obtain positive feedback which assists our future progression. When considering people we like (including ourselves), we tend to make situational attributions about their negative behaviors and dis-positional attributions about their positive behaviors. We probably do the reverse for people we do not like.
This may well be because of the dissonance between liking a person and seeing them behave negatively.
example: If my friend hits someone, I will tell him that the other guy deserved it or that he had to defend himself.
== In attribution==
(詳細はnegativity effect'', which is found when people evaluate the causes of the behaviors of a person they dislike. Both effects are attributional biases.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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